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1 subject
1. ['sʌbdʒɪkt] n( matter) temat m; ( SCOL) przedmiot m; ( of kingdom) poddany(-na) m(f); ( LING) podmiot m2. [səb'dʒɛkt] vtto subject sb to sth — poddawać (poddać perf) kogoś czemuś
to be subject to — (law, tax) podlegać +dat; ( heart attacks) być narażonym na +acc
to change the subject — zmieniać (zmienić perf) temat
* * *1. adjective((of countries etc) not independent, but dominated by another power: subject nations.) podbity, podległy2. noun1) (a person who is under the rule of a monarch or a member of a country that has a monarchy etc: We are loyal subjects of the Queen; He is a British subject.) poddany2) (someone or something that is talked about, written about etc: We discussed the price of food and similar subjects; What was the subject of the debate?; The teacher tried to think of a good subject for their essay; I've said all I can on that subject.) temat3) (a branch of study or learning in school, university etc: He is taking exams in seven subjects; Mathematics is his best subject.) przedmiot4) (a thing, person or circumstance suitable for, or requiring, a particular kind of treatment, reaction etc: I don't think her behaviour is a subject for laughter.) przedmiot5) (in English, the word(s) representing the person or thing that usually does the action shown by the verb, and with which the verb agrees: The cat sat on the mat; He hit her because she broke his toy; He was hit by the ball.) podmiot3. [səb'‹ekt] verb1) (to bring (a person, country etc) under control: They have subjected all the neighbouring states (to their rule).) podporządkować sobie2) (to cause to suffer, or submit (to something): He was subjected to cruel treatment; These tyres are subjected to various tests before leaving the factory.) poddawać•- subjective
- subjectively
- subject matter
- change the subject
- subject to -
2 content
1. [kən'tɛnt] vt 2. ['kɔntɛnt] nzawartość f; ( of book etc) treść fto content o.s. with sth/with doing sth — zadowalać się (zadowolić się perf) czymś/(z)robieniem czegoś
- contents* * *I 1. [kən'tent] adjective(satisfied; quietly happy: He doesn't want more money - he's content with what he has.) zadowolony2. noun(the state of being satisfied or quietly happy: You're on holiday - you can lie in the sun to your heart's content.) zadowolenie3. verb(to satisfy: As the TV's broken, you'll have to content yourself with listening to the radio.) zadawalać- contentedly
- contentment II ['kontent] noun1) (the subject matter (of a book, speech etc): the content of his speech.) zawartość2) (the amount of something contained: Oranges have a high vitamin C content.) zawartość•- contents -
3 issue
['ɪʃuː] 1. n( problem) sprawa f, kwestia f; ( of magazine) ( edition) wydanie nt; ( number) numer m; (old) ( offspring) potomstwo nt2. vt 3. vito issue from — wypływać z +gen
the point at issue is … — chodzi o +acc
to confuse/cloud the issue — zaciemniać (zaciemnić perf) sprawę
to issue sth to sb, issue sb with sth — wydawać (wydać perf) coś komuś
to take issue with sb (over) — nie zgadzać się (nie zgodzić się perf) z kimś (w kwestii +gen)
to make an issue of sth — robić (zrobić perf) z czegoś (wielką) sprawę
* * *['iʃu:] 1. verb1) (to give or send out, or to distribute, especially officially: The police issued a description of the criminal; Rifles were issued to the troops.) wydać2) (to flow or come out (from something): A strange noise issued from the room.) wydostać się na zewnątrz2. noun1) (the act of issuing or process of being issued: Stamp collectors like to buy new stamps on the day of issue.) emisja2) (one number in the series of a newspaper, magazine etc: Have you seen the latest issue of that magazine?) numer3) (a subject for discussion and argument: The question of pay is not an important issue at the moment.) temat -
4 point
[pɔɪnt] 1. n (also GEOM)punkt m; ( sharpened tip) czubek m, szpic m; ( purpose) sens m; ( significant part) cecha f, istota f; (subject, idea) kwestia f; ( ELEC) (also: power point) gniazdko nt; (also: decimal point) przecinek mtwo point five (= 2.5) — dwa przecinek pięć (= 2,5)
good/bad points — mocne/słabe punkty
to make a point of doing sth — dokładać (dołożyć perf) starań, aby coś zrobić
to get the point — pojmować (pojąć perf) istotę sprawy
to miss the point — nie dostrzegać (nie dostrzec perf) istoty sprawy
to come/get to the point — przechodzić (przejść perf) do sedna sprawy
to make one's point — przedstawiać (przedstawić perf) swoje argumenty
in point of fact — właściwie, w rzeczy samej
- points2. vt3. vito point sth at sb — celować (wycelować perf) czymś w kogoś, kierować (skierować perf) coś w stronę kogoś
( with finger etc) wskazywać (wskazać perf)to point at — wskazywać (wskazać perf) na +acc
Phrasal Verbs:- point to* * *[point] 1. noun1) (the sharp end of anything: the point of a pin; a sword point; at gunpoint (= threatened by a gun).) ostrze, czubek2) (a piece of land that projects into the sea etc: The ship came round Lizard Point.) cypel3) (a small round dot or mark (.): a decimal point; five point three six (= 5.36); In punctuation, a point is another name for a full stop.) kropka4) (an exact place or spot: When we reached this point of the journey we stopped to rest.) punkt5) (an exact moment: Her husband walked in at that point.) chwila, moment6) (a place on a scale especially of temperature: the boiling-point of water.) punkt7) (a division on a compass eg north, south-west etc.) punkt, kierunek8) (a mark in scoring a competition, game, test etc: He has won by five points to two.) punkt9) (a particular matter for consideration or action: The first point we must decide is, where to meet; That's a good point; You've missed the point; That's the whole point; We're wandering away from the point.) kwestia, sedno sprawy10) ((a) purpose or advantage: There's no point (in) asking me - I don't know.) cel, sens11) (a personal characteristic or quality: We all have our good points and our bad ones.) punkt12) (an electrical socket in a wall etc into which a plug can be put: Is there only one electrical point in this room?) gniazdko2. verb1) (to aim in a particular direction: He pointed the gun at her.) skierować2) (to call attention to something especially by stretching the index finger in its direction: He pointed (his finger) at the door; He pointed to a sign.) wskazywać3) (to fill worn places in (a stone or brick wall etc) with mortar.) fugować•- pointed- pointer
- pointless
- pointlessly
- points
- be on the point of
- come to the point
- make a point of
- make one's point
- point out
- point one's toes -
5 study
['stʌdɪ] 1. n- studies2. vt 3. vistudiować, uczyć się* * *1. verb1) (to give time and attention to gaining knowledge of a subject: What subject is he studying?; He is studying French; He is studying for a degree in mathematics; She's studying to be a teacher.) studiować, uczyć się2) (to look at or examine carefully: He studied the railway timetable; Give yourself time to study the problem in detail.) badać, studiować, dokładnie oglądać2. noun1) (the act of devoting time and attention to gaining knowledge: He spends all his evenings in study; She has made a study of the habits of bees.) studiowanie, nauka2) (a musical or artistic composition: a book of studies for the piano; The picture was entitled `Study in Grey'.) etiuda, studium3) (a room in a house etc, in which to study, read, write etc: The headmaster wants to speak to the senior pupils in his study.) gabinet -
6 command
[kə'mɑːnd] 1. n( order) polecenie nt, rozkaz m; (control, charge) kierownictwo nt; ( MIL) dowództwo nt; ( of subject) znajomość f, opanowanie nt; ( COMPUT) polecenie nt2. vtto command sb to do sth — ( tell) kazać (kazać perf) komuś coś zrobić; ( order) rozkazywać (rozkazać perf) komuś coś zrobić
to be in command of — dowodzić +instr
to have/take command of — sprawować/obejmować (objąć perf) dowództwo nad +instr
* * *1. verb1) (to order: I command you to leave the room immediately!) rozkazywać2) (to have authority over: He commanded a regiment of soldiers.) dowodzić3) (to have by right: He commands great respect.) wzbudzać2. noun1) (an order: We obeyed his commands.) rozkaz2) (control: He was in command of the operation.) dowództwo•- commander
- commanding
- commandment
- commander-in-chief -
7 instruct
[ɪn'strʌkt]vt( teach)to instruct sb in sth — szkolić (wyszkolić perf) kogoś w czymś; ( order)
to instruct sb to do sth — instruować (poinstruować perf) kogoś, żeby coś zrobił
* * *1) (to teach or train (a person in a subject or skill): Girls as well as boys should be instructed in woodwork.) kształcić2) (to order or direct (a person especially to do something): He was instructed to come here at nine o'clock; I have already instructed you how to cook the meat.) pouczyć•- instructive
- instructively
- instructiveness
- instructor -
8 read
[riːd] 1. pt, pp read, viperson czytać; piece of writing brzmieć2. vtbook czytać (przeczytać perf); sb's mood odgadywać (odgadnąć perf); sb's thoughts czytać w +loc; sb's lips czytać z +gen; meter etc odczytywać (odczytać perf); subject at university studiowaćthermometers are reading 108 degrees in the shade — termometry wskazują czterdzieści dwa stopnie w cieniu
to take sth as read — brać (wziąć perf) coś za pewnik
to read sth into sb's remarks — doszukiwać się (doszukać się perf) czegoś w czyichś uwagach
Phrasal Verbs:- read out* * *[red]past tense, past participle; = read -
9 teach
[tiːtʃ] 1. pt, pp taught, vt2. vito teach sb sth, teach sth to sb — uczyć (nauczyć perf) kogoś czegoś
* * *[ti: ]past tense, past participle - taught; verb(to give knowledge, skill or wisdom to a person; to instruct or train (a person): She teaches English / the piano; Experience has taught him nothing.) uczyć- teacher- teaching -
10 view
[vjuː] 1. n 2. vt( look at) oglądać (obejrzeć perf), przyglądać się (przyjrzeć się perf) +dat; ( fig) ustosunkowywać się (ustosunkować się perf) do +gen; situation widzieć, zapatrywać się na +accto view (sth) as — uważać (coś) za +acc
in full view of — na oczach +gen
he takes the view that … — stoi na stanowisku, że …
in view of … — zważywszy na +acc
with a view to doing sth — z myślą o tym, żeby coś zrobić
* * *[vju:] 1. noun1) ((an outlook on to, or picture of) a scene: Your house has a fine view of the hills; He painted a view of the harbour.) widok2) (an opinion: Tell me your view/views on the subject.) pogląd3) (an act of seeing or inspecting: We were given a private view of the exhibition before it was opened to the public.) przegląd, pokaz2. verb(to look at, or regard (something): She viewed the scene with astonishment.) oglądać- viewer- viewpoint
- in view of
- on view
- point of view -
11 introduce
[ɪntrə'djuːs]vtto introduce sb (to sb) — przedstawiać (przedstawić perf) kogoś (komuś)
to introduce sb to sth — zaznajamiać (zaznajomić perf) kogoś z czymś
may I introduce …? — Pan/Pani pozwoli, że przedstawię …
* * *[intrə'dju:s]1) ((often with to) to make (people) known by name to each other: He introduced the guests (to each other); Let me introduce you to my mother; May I introduce myself? I'm John Brown.) przedstawić2) ((often with into) to bring in (something new): Grey squirrels were introduced into Britain from Canada; Why did you introduce such a boring subject (into the conversation)?) wprowadzić3) (to propose or put forward: He introduced a bill in Parliament for the abolition of income tax.) przedłożyć4) ((with to) to cause (a person) to get to know (a subject etc): Children are introduced to algebra at about the age of eleven.) zapoznać•- introductory -
12 about
[ə'baut] 1. adv1) ( approximately) około +genabout a hundred/thousand — około stu/tysiąca
2) ( referring to place) dookołato leave things lying about — zostawiać (zostawić perf) wszystko porozrzucane dookoła
3)2. prep1) ( relating to) o +locwhat/how about going out tonight? — (a) może byśmy gdzieś wyszli (dziś) wieczorem?
2) ( referring to place) po +loc* * *1. preposition(on the subject of: We talked about our plans; What's the book about?)2. preposition, adverb1) ((sometimes round about) near (in place, time, size etc): about five miles away; (round) about six o'clock; just about big enough.) około2) (in different directions; here and there: The children ran about (the garden).) dookoła, po3) (in or on some part (of a place etc): You'll find him somewhere about (the office).) w pobliżu4) (around or surrounding: She wore a coat about her shoulders; He lay with his clothes scattered about.) na, dookoła3. adverb((in military commands etc) in the opposite direction: About turn!) w tył -
13 authority
[ɔː'θɔrɪtɪ]n( power) władza f; ( expert) autorytet m; ( government body) administracja f; ( official permission) pozwolenie nt* * *[o:'Ɵorəti]plural - authorities; noun1) (the power or right to do something: He gave me authority to act on his behalf.) pełnomocnictwo, upoważnienie2) (a person who is an expert, or a book that can be referred to, on a particular subject: He is an authority on Roman history.) autorytet3) ((usually in plural) the person or people who have power in an administration etc: The authorities would not allow public meetings.) władze4) (a natural quality in a person which makes him able to control and influence people: a man of authority.) autorytet•- authoritative -
14 avoid
[ə'vɔɪd]vtto avoid doing sth — unikać (uniknąć perf) (z)robienia czegoś
* * *[ə'void](to keep away from (a place, person or thing): He drove carefully to avoid the holes in the road; Avoid the subject of money.) uniknąć -
15 fall
[fɔːl] 1. n(of person, object, government) upadek m; (in price, temperature) spadek m; ( of snow) opady pl; (US) ( autumn) jesień f- falls2. vi, pt fell, pp fallenperson, object, government upadać (upaść perf); snow, rain padać, spadać (spaść perf); price, temperature, dollar spadać (spaść perf); night, darkness, silence zapadać (zapaść perf); light, shadow padać (paść perf); sadness zapanowywać (zapanować perf)to fall flat — nie udawać się (nie udać się perf), nie wychodzić (nie wyjść perf)
to fall in love (with sb/sth) — zakochiwać się (zakochać się perf) (w kimś/czymś)
to fall short of sb's expectations — nie spełniać (nie spełnić perf) czyichś oczekiwań
Phrasal Verbs:- fall for- fall in- fall off- fall out* * *[fo:l] 1. past tense - fell; verb1) (to go down from a higher level usually unintentionally: The apple fell from the tree; Her eye fell on an old book.) padać2) ((often with over) to go down to the ground etc from an upright position, usually by accident: She fell (over).) przewracać się3) (to become lower or less: The temperature is falling.) opadać, zmniejszać się4) (to happen or occur: Easter falls early this year.) zdarzać się, przypadać5) (to enter a certain state or condition: She fell asleep; They fell in love.) zapaść, pogrążyć się6) ((formal: only with it as subject) to come as one's duty etc: It falls to me to take care of the children.) przypadać2. noun1) (the act of falling: He had a fall.) upadek2) ((a quantity of) something that has fallen: a fall of snow.) opad3) (capture or (political) defeat: the fall of Rome.) upadek4) ((American) the autumn: Leaves change colour in the fall.) jesień•- falls- fallout
- his
- her face fell
- fall away
- fall back
- fall back on
- fall behind
- fall down
- fall flat
- fall for
- fall in with
- fall off
- fall on/upon
- fall out
- fall short
- fall through -
16 negotiate
[nɪ'gəuʃɪeɪt] 1. vi 2. vt* * *[ni'ɡəuʃieit]1) (to bargain or discuss a subject in order to agree.) pertraktować2) (to arrange (a treaty, payment etc), usually after a long discussion.) wynegocjować3) (to get past (an obstacle or difficulty).) przezwyciężyć•- negotiation -
17 passing
['pɑːsɪŋ]adjto mention sth in passing — napomykać (napomknąć perf) o czymś mimochodem
* * *1) (going past: a passing car.) wyprzedzający, przejeżdżający2) (lasting only a short time: a passing interest.) chwilowy3) ((of something said) casual and not made as part of a serious talk about the subject: a passing reference.) wypowiedziany mimochodem -
18 steer
[stɪə(r)] 1. vt 2. vito steer clear of sb/sth ( fig) — trzymać się z daleka od kogoś/czegoś
* * *I [stiə] noun(a young ox raised to produce beef.) bukatII [stiə] verb(to guide or control the course of (eg a ship, car etc): He steered the car through the narrow streets; I steered out of the harbour; She managed to steer the conversation towards the subject of her birthday.) prowadzić- steering- steering-wheel
- steer clear of -
19 under
['ʌndə(r)] 1. prep( in space) pod +instr; (in age, price) poniżej +gen; (law, agreement etc) w myśl +gen, zgodnie z +instr; ( sb's leadership) pod rządami +gen2. advunder anaesthetic — pod narkozą, w znieczuleniu
* * *1. preposition1) (in or to a position lower than, or covered by: Your pencil is under the chair; Strange plants grow under the sea.) pod2) (less than, or lower in rank than: Children under five should not cross the street alone; You can do the job in under an hour.) poniżej3) (subject to the authority of: As a foreman, he has about fifty workers under him.) pod4) (used to express various states: The fort was under attack; The business improved under the new management; The matter is under consideration/discussion.) pod2. adverb(in or to a lower position, rank etc: The swimmer surfaced and went under again; children aged seven and under.) poniżej- under-
См. также в других словарях:
subject to sth — ► likely to have or experience a particular thing, especially something unpleasant: be subject to a charge/fee/tariff »You may be subject to additional bank charges for currency conversion. »The company could be subject to a hostile takeover.… … Financial and business terms
subject — {{Roman}}I.{{/Roman}} noun 1 topic or person under consideration ADJECTIVE ▪ big, complex, complicated, vast ▪ simple ▪ excellent, fascinating … Collocations dictionary
subject — sub|ject1 W2S2 [ˈsʌbdʒıkt] n ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 1¦(thing talked about)¦ 2¦(at school)¦ 3¦(in art)¦ 4¦(in a test)¦ 5¦(grammar)¦ 6¦(citizen)¦ ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ [Date: 1300 1400; : Old French; Origin: Latin subjectus, from subicere … Dictionary of contemporary English
subject — 1 / sVbdZIkt/ noun (C) 1 THING TALKED ABOUT the thing you are talking about or considering in a conversation, discussion, book, film etc: Subjects covered in this chapter are exercise and nutrition. | Paul has strong opinions on most subjects. |… … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
Subject — Refers to a bid or offer that cannot be executed without confirmation from the customer. The New York Times Financial Glossary * * * subject sub‧ject [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt] adjective 1. subject to used to say that something is affected, or can be affected,… … Financial and business terms
subject — Refers to a bid or offer that cannot be executed without confirmation from the customer. In other words, not firm, but a bid/ offer that needs additional information/confirmation before becoming firm and is therefore still negotiable. Bloomberg… … Financial and business terms
subject somebody to something — subˈject sb/sth to sth derived often passive to make sb/sth experience, suffer or be affected by sth, usually sth unpleasant • to be subjected to ridicule • The city was subjected to heavy bombing. • The defence lawyers claimed t … Useful english dictionary
subject something to something — subˈject sb/sth to sth derived often passive to make sb/sth experience, suffer or be affected by sth, usually sth unpleasant • to be subjected to ridicule • The city was subjected to heavy bombing. • The defence lawyers claimed t … Useful english dictionary
subject*/*/*/ — [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt] noun [C] I 1) something that you discuss or write about He s never mentioned the subject of money.[/ex] Someone raised the subject of (= started talking about) sports facilities.[/ex] Can we change the subject (= talk about something… … Dictionary for writing and speaking English
bring sth about phrasal — verb (T) to make something happen: Computers have brought about many changes in the workplace. bring sb/sth around/round phrasal verb (T) 1 bring the conversation around/round to to deliberately and gradually introduce a new subject into a… … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
bring sth up — UK US bring sth up Phrasal Verb with bring({{}}/brɪŋ/ verb [T] (brought, brought) ► to start to talk about a particular subject: »Nobody was willing to bring up the subject of pay at the meeting … Financial and business terms